Sawing-machine



( 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

R. H. HOYT. SAWING MACHINE.

No. 415,717. Patented Nov. 26,1 1889..

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

R. H. HOYT. SAWING MACHINE.

Patented NOV. 26, 1889.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RICHARD HENRY HOYT, OF'BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

SAWING-MACHINL' SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.415,717, dated November 26, 1889. Application filed February 25, 1889- Serial No. 301 ,057. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RICHARD HENRY Hovr, a citizen of the United States, residing at Buffalo, in the county of Eric and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Sawing-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a machine for forming the tenons and mortises on the ends of boards which are used in the manufacture of wooden boxes; and my invention has for its object to construct an efficient sawing-machine of this character, whereby the mortises are cut in the ends of the boards in a rapid and uniform manner.

The invention consists of the improvements which will be hereinafter fully described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, consisting of two sheets, Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved machine Fig. 2 is a top plan view thereof. Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation thereof. Figs. 4, 5, and 6 are fragmentary cross-sections of the movable board receptacle or carriage and connecting parts, on an enlarged scale, showing different positions of Fig. 7 is a fragmentary perspective view of one of the boards with the tenons formed thereon.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several figures.

A represents the stationary side frames of the machine, which are connected together by cross pieces or frames A.

Brepresents the horizontal table'of the machine, having a central transverse slot or opening I), and preferably made vertically adjustable on the side frames A in any wellknown manner. In the construction shown in the drawings the table is provided with vertical supportin g-plates B,which are guided on the inner sides of the side frames A, and are adjusted by upright screws 1), which are connected together in any suitable manner, so as to be simultaneously operated.

0 represents a series of revolving vertical saws or cutters arranged upon a horizontal shaft 0 and projecting through the opening in the table 13. The shaft 0 is journaled in bearings 0, arranged at the upper ends of the side frames A, and is provided with drivin g-pulleys c D represents a traveling board receptacle or carriage, in which the boards to be mortised are placed, and which is adapted to carry the boards past the saws C. This board-receptacle consists of a rectangular box open at its top and bottom, and provided 'on opposite sides with V- shaped grooves or ways (Z, which slide upon similarly-shaped horizontal guides cl, arranged at the upper ends of the side frames A, as clearly shown in Figs. 4, 5, and 6.

E represents a follower or movable clampingbar arranged within the board-receptacle D, whereby the boards are tightly held in the receptacle. The follower E is guided in the board-receptable in any suitable manner, and is operated by clamping-screws c 6, bearing against the rear side of the follower and working in. threaded openings in the rear wall of the board-receptacle. The follower E is preferably retracted when the screws are released by means of spiral springs e, interposed between the follower and the front wall of the board-receptacle, and surrounding horizontal guide-rods e secured to said front wall and passing through openings in the follower, as shown in Figs. 3.

6 represents an adjustable gage attached to the upper portion of the board-receptacle D, against which the boards are placed.

F F represent two longitudinal feed-screws arranged at the upper end of the machine 011 opposite sides of the board-receptacle D and journaled in bearings f, arranged at the upper ends of the side frames A, so as to beheld against lengthwise movement therein.

9 g represent partial screw-nuts attached to opposite sides of the board-receptacle and adapted to engage with the feed-screws F F, so as to cause the receptacle to be moved toward the rear end of machine past the saws C. These screw-nuts each consist of an arm or bar 9 provided on its inner face with a series of female screw-threads, forminga partial nut, which fits against the feed-screw. This arm or bar is attached to a horizontal rock-shaft h, journaled in lugs formed on the side of the board-receptacle, so that upon turning said rock-shaft in either direction the screw-nut will be swung laterally against or away from the feed-screw, thereby throwing the n at into or out of gear withthe feedscrew. The screw-nuts g g are simultaneously operated by means of arms 2' i, attached to the rock-shafts h 71., and connected with a shifting-lever I by rods j j. This shifting-lever is pivoted to the rear portion of the board-receptacle D, and may be provided with a handle for operating it; butI prefer to actuate the same by means of a separate hand-lever is, pivoted to the boardreceptacle on one side of said shifting-lever and connected therewith by a rod 7c, so as to leave the space between the clampingscrews e e unobstructed to make room for the attendant.

l l represent horizontal guides arranged on the outer sides of the feed-screws F F at a shortdistance thereform, whereby the screwnuts g g are held against the feed-screws during the forward movement of the boardreceptaele after the hand-lever 7a is released. The front ends of these guides begin at a point in advance of the position occupied by the screw-nuts when the board-receptacle is at the front end of the machine, as represented in the drawings, so as not to interfere with the swinging movements of the screwnuts at this point.

m m represent stationary cams or inclines arranged in the path of the screw-nuts g g, near the rear end of the machine, and against which the front ends of the screw-nuts strike just before the board-receptacle reaches the limit of its forward movement. The screwnuts g, in riding up the inclines m m, are swung outwardly away from the feed-screws, thereby throwing the same out of gear with the latter and arresting the movement of the board-receptacle.

The rear portions of the guides Z Z are re cessed, as clearly shown at Z in Fig. 2, so as to permit the screw-nuts to clear the rear portion of the guides when they are swung outwardly by the inclines m m.

The board-receptacle is preferably returned to its former position in front of the saws O by means of weights N,which are secured to cords or cables 71, attached to the lower portion of the board-receptacle and running over pulleys n, journaled at the upper front portion of the machine. The weights N are preferably guided upon vertical rods 01 secured to the frame of the machine, so as to prevent s'waying of the weights.

The pitch of the inclines m m is such that the screw-nuts Q will be moved outwardly just sufficiently to clear the rear recessed portion Z of the guides Z Z, but will not be moved far enough to clear the unrecessed portion thereof, so that the rearward movement of the board-receptacle will be limited by the screwnuts striking the shoulders Z formed by said recessed portions, and the weights N be prevented from violently returning the boardreceptacle to its former position before the attendent has an opportunity to remove the sawed boards therefrom.

hen it is desired to allow the board-receptacle to return to the front end of the machine,the screw-nuts are swung outwardly still farther, so as to clear the shoulders Z by means of the hand-lever k. The feed-screws F F are rotated from a transverse shaft 0 by bevel-wheels p p, the shaft 0 being driven from a transverse counter-shaft Q, which is in turn driven from the saw-shaft c.

In using the machine, a number of boards are placed crosswise in the receptacle D, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 3, and are clamped thereon by the follower E. The screw-nuts g are then thrown into gear with the feed-screws, whereby the board-receptacle is moved past the saws O and the mortises are cut in the ends of the series of boards,forming the tenons thereon. The sawed boards are then removed from the receptacle and the latter is returned toits former position in the manner above described. In this mannerthe tenons are formed on the boards uniformly and expeditiously, as a large n umber of boards are sawed at one operation.

I claim as my invention- 1. In a sawing-machine, the combination, with the supporting-frame and a horizontal table, of a series of revolving saws projecting above said table, feed-screws arranged on opposite sides of said table, and a movable board receptacle or carriage arranged above the table, adapted to move past said saws and provided with screw-nuts engaging with said feed-screws, substantially as set forth.

2. In a sawing-machine, the combination, with the supporting-frame and a horizontal table, of a series of revolving saws projecting above said table, a movable board-receptacle guided on ways arranged on said supportingframe and adapted to move past said saws, revolving feed-screws arranged on opposite sides of said table, and laterally-swinging screw-nuts attached to said board-receptacle and engaging with said feed-screws, substantially as set forth.

3. In a sawing-machine, the combination, with the supporting-frame and a horizontal table, of a series of revolving saws projecting above said table, a movable board-receptacle guided on ways arranged on said supportingframe and adapted to move past said saws, revolving feed-screws arranged on opposite sides of said table, laterally-swinging screwnuts attached to said board-receptacle and engaging with said feed-screws, and guides whereby said screw-nuts are held in engagement with said feed-screws, substantially as set forth.

4:. In a sawing-machine, the combination, with the supporting-frame and a horizontal table, of a series of revolving saws projecting above said table, a movable board-receptacle guided on ways arranged on said supportingframe and adapted to move past said saws, revolving feed-screws arranged on opposite sides of said table, laterally-swinging screwnuts attached to said boardreceptable and engaging with said feed-screws, and earns or inclines whereby said screw-nuts are automatically disengaged from the feed-screws after the board-receptacle has passed the saws, substantially as set forth.

5. In a sawing-machine, the combination, with the supporting-frame and'a horizontal table, of a series of revolving saws projecting above said table, a movable board-receptacle guided on ways arranged on said supportingframe and adapted to move past said saws, revolving feed-screws arranged on opposite sides of said table, laterally-swinging screwnnts attached to said board-receptacle and engaging with said feed-screw, cams or inclines whereby said screw-nuts are automatically disengaged from the feed-screws after the board-receptacle has passed the saws, and

a weight whereby the board-receptacle is returned to its former position when the screwnuts are disengaged from the feed-screws, substantially as set forth.

6. In a sawing-machine, the combination, with the supporting-frame and a horizontal table, of a series of revolving saws projecting above saidtable, a movable board-receptacle guided on ways arranged on said supportingframe and adapted to move past said saws, revolving feed-screws arranged on opposite sides of said table, laterally-swinging screwnuts attached to said board-receptacle and engaging with said feed-screws, cams or inclines whereby said screw-nuts are automatically disengaged from the feed-screws after the board-receptacle has passed the saws, a weight whereby the board-receptacle is returned to its former position when the screwnuts are disengaged from the feed-screws, and a stop or shoulder whereby the backward movement of the feed-receptacle is limited when the screw-nuts are thrown out of gear with the feed-screws, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination, with the horizontal table B and the series of revolving saws C, of the revolving feed-screws F F, the movable board-receptacle D, the laterally-movable screw-nuts g g, pivoted to the sides of the board-receptacle and provided with arms 1', the shifting-lever I, and rods j, connecting the arms 2' with said shifting-lever, substantially as set forth.

\Vitness my hand this 22d day of December, 1888.

RICHARD HENRY HOYT.

Witnesses:

THEo. L. PoPP, CHAS. J. BUCHHEIT. 

